Which pair correctly reflects the principles of internationalism mentioned in the material?

• A. Liberal Internationalism and Socialist Internationalism
• B. Liberal Internationalism alone
• C. Socialist Internationalism alone
• D. Nationalism only

Answer: (A)

Internationalism in the material is described as a blend of approaches that promote cooperation across borders. Liberal Internationalism highlights building cooperative systems, rule-based diplomacy, multilateral institutions, and open economic links to maintain peace and stability. Socialist Internationalism adds emphasis on global solidarity among workers, anti-imperialist critique, and advancing equality in a cooperative world order. The best answer reflects both strands, showing that internationalism isn’t just about institutions or just about social justice alone, but about how both work together to shape a more interconnected world. Focusing on liberal internationalism alone misses the deeper call for global solidarity, while focusing only on socialist internationalism misses the legal frameworks and mechanisms that enable cross-border cooperation. Nationalism, by contrast, centers on sovereignty and self-interest, which conflicts with internationalist principles.