Who was described as a nationalist internationalist who believes free, unified nation-states should be the basis of global cooperation?

• A. Immanuel Kant
• B. Giuseppe Mazzini
• C. Jeremy Bentham
• D. Karl Marx

Answer: (B)

This describes Giuseppe Mazzini, who fused nationalism with internationalism by arguing that free, self-governing nation-states should form the basis for global cooperation. He believed nations have a moral right to unity and independence, and that a peaceful world order comes from free states working together as equals rather than being ruled by empires. His vision sits at the intersection of national self-determination and a cooperative international system, unlike the other thinkers who foreground different foundations for peace or society.